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DRUGS & SUPPLEMENTS
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Dextromethorphane
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Dextromethorphane uses
Pharmacological action
Dextromethorphane is an antitussive medication. Inhibiting the excitability of the cough center this medicine suppresses the cough of any origin. Dextromethorphane has not addiction effects and it has no analgesic and hypnotic action. Dextromethorphane starts to act after 10-30 minutes after oral administration, the duration of therapeutic action: 5-6 hours for adults and 6-9 hours for children. Dextromethorphane is an optical isomer of levomethorphan which is similar to morphine. Due to optical isomerism this drug has no opioid effects. Dextromethorphane used mainly for replacement of codeine as a cough suppressant. In addition to the cough suppressant this medication is used in medicine for diagnostic purposes and may be useful in various cases - from seizures to heroin addiction treatment, some chronic neurodegenerative diseases. These include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Charcot's disease), disease of "mad cow and other prion diseases. Dextromethorphane has also been used for the treatment of mental retardation, Parkinson's disease, in the treatment of lung and other cancers and to prevent tissue rejection in transplantation because of the (poorly known) effects of sigma ligands on tumor cells and immune system.
Pharmacokinetics
After oral administration Dextromethorphane is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Cmax of Dextromethorphane in plasma is reached after 2 h. This medication biotransformes in the liver. Up to 45% of this drug is excreted by kidneys and there was considerable individual variation in rates of excretion of individual metabolites.
Why is Dextromethorphane prescribed?
Dry cough of different etiology.
Dosage and administration
For adults and children over 12 years Dextromethorphane prescribed on 15 mg 4 times / day, children aged 6 years - 7.5 mg 4 times / day.
Dextromethorphane side effects, adverse reactions
Drowsiness, nausea, dizziness.
Dextromethorphane contraindications
Bronchial asthma, bronchitis, simultaneous reception of mucolytic.
Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
During pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding) Dextromethorphane prescribed with caution, only in cases where the expected therapeutic effect for the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus or child.
Special instructions
With carefully administered Dextromethorphane with impaired liver function.
Dextromethorphane drug interactions
MAO inhibitors when administered simultaneous with Dextromethorphane may cause adrenergic crisis, collapse, coma, dizziness, agitation, increased blood pressure, hyperpyrexia, intracranial hemorrhage, lethargy, nausea, cramps, tremor. In combination with tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, etc.) Dextromethorphane may appeal serotonin syndrome and possible subsequent death. Amiodarone, fluoxetine, quinidine, inhibiting system cytochrome P450, may increase the drug concentration in the blood. Tobacco smoke can lead to increased secretion of glands in the background of inhibition of cough reflex. Some inhibitors of CYP450 (such as quinidine) increase and extended effects of this medicine.
Dextromethorphane in case of emergency / overdose
Symptoms: excitement, dizziness, respiratory depression, impaired consciousness, decreased blood pressure, tachycardia, muscle hypertonicity, ataxia.
Treatment: mechanical ventilation, symptomatic agents.
Dextromethorphane pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:
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References
- Dailymed."ADULT WAL TUSSIN COUGH LONG ACTING (DEXTROMETHORPHAN HYDROBROMIDE) SOLUTION [WALGREEN COMPANY]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
- Dailymed."DEXTROMETHORPHAN HYDROBROMIDE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
- "dextromethorphan". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/co... (accessed August 28, 2018).
Frequently asked Questions
Can i drive or operate heavy machine after consuming Dextromethorphane?Depending on the reaction of the Dextromethorphane after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Dextromethorphane not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.
Is Dextromethorphane addictive or habit forming?Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.
Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.
Review
sdrugs.com conducted a study on Dextromethorphane, and the result of the survey is set out below. It is noteworthy that the product of the survey is based on the perception and impressions of the visitors of the website as well as the views of Dextromethorphane consumers. We, as a result of this, advice that you do not base your therapeutic or medical decisions on this result, but rather consult your certified medical experts for their recommendations.Visitor reports
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The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology