Neurontin

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Neurontin uses

• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacokinetics
• Why is Neurontin prescribed?
• Dosage and administration
• Neurontin side effects, adverse reactions
• Neurontin contraindications
• Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
• Special instructions
• Neurontin drug interactions
• Neurontin in case of emergency / overdose
• Neurontin reviews

Pharmacological action

Neurontin is an antiepileptic drug. Chemical structure is similar to GABA fulfilling the function of the inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS. It is believed that the mechanism of action of Neurontin is different from other anticonvulsants acting through GABA synapses. In in vitro studies showed that Neurontin is characterized by the presence of a new peptide binding sites in the brain tissues of rats, including the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, which may be relevant to the anticonvulsant activity of Neurontin and its derivatives. Neurontin in clinically relevant concentrations is not associated with other conventional drugs and neurotransmitter receptors in the brain.

The final mechanism of action of Neurontin is not defined.

Pharmacokinetics

Neurontin is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After oral administration of Neurontin C_max in plasma achieved within 2-3 hours. The absolute bioavailability of approximately 60%. Taking of this medication in conjunction with food (including a high-fat) does not affect the pharmacokinetics of Neurontin.

Neurontin is not bound to plasma proteins and has Vd 57.7 l.

Neurontin is excreted only by the kidneys. Signs of biotransformation of Neurontin in the human body were not found.

Neurontin is removed from plasma by hemodialysis.

The concentrations of Neurontin in the plasma of children were similar to those of adults.

Why is Neurontin prescribed?

Treatment of neuropathic pain in adults over the age of 18 years; monotherapy of partial seizures with secondary generalization and without its fot children and adults older than 12 years; as an adjunct in the treatment of partial seizures with secondary generalization and without its for adults and children aged 3 years and older.

Dosage and administration

Dosing regimen of Neurontin is individual, depending on the indications and treatment regimens.

Neurontin side effects, adverse reactions

CNS and peripheral nervous system: amnesia, ataxia, confusion, impaired coordination, depression, dizziness, dysarthria, nervous hyperexcitability, nystagmus, drowsiness, impaired thinking, tremor, muscle cramps, amblyopia, diplopia, hyperkinesia, strengthening, weakening or absence of reflexes, paresthesia, anxiety, hostility, impaired gait.

Digestive system: change in staining of teeth, diarrhea, increased appetite, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, anorexia, gingivitis, abdominal pain, pancreatitis, changes in liver function tests.

Hemopoietic system: leucopenia, decrease the number of leukocytes, thrombocytopenic purpura.

Respiratory system: rhinitis, pharyngitis, cough, pneumonia.

Musculoskeletal system: myalgia, arthralgia, bone fractures.

Cardiovascular: hypertension, manifestations of vasodilation.

Urinary system: urinary tract infections, urinary incontinence.

Allergic reactions: erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Dermatological reactions: maceration of the skin, acne, itching, rash.

Other: back pain, fatigue, peripheral edema, impotence, fatigue, malaise, swelling of the face, increase in body weight, accidental injury, asthenia, flu-like syndrome, fluctuations in blood glucose in children - a viral infection, otitis media.

Neurontin contraindications

Hypersensitivity to Neurontin.

Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Adequate and well-controlled studies on the safety of Neurontin during pregnancy and lactation in humans has not been conducted. If necessary use Neurontin during pregnancy and lactation patients should carefully weigh the potential benefits of therapy for the mother and the potential risk to the fetus or infant.

Neurontin is excreted in breast milk. When this drug used in the lactation period, the character of the action of Neurontin on the infant is not defined.

Category effects on the fetus by FDA - C.

Special instructions

Abrupt discontinuation of therapy by anticonvulsant drugs in patients with partial seizures may provoke a convulsive status. If necessary to reduce the dose of Neurontin, to cancel or replace it with an alternative means it should be phased over a minimum of 1 week.

Neurontin is not an effective drug for treatment of absence seizures.

For patients with impaired renal function and patients in hemodialysis it requires correction of dosing regimen. Elderly patients may require correction of the dosing regimen of Neurontin due to the fact that such patients may decrease renal clearance.

The efficacy and safety of neuropathic pain treatment in patients under age 18 is not defined.

During the period of treatment it is necessary to avoid taking alcohol.

Prior to determining individual response to treatment the patient should refrain from potentially dangerous activities coupled with the need to focus and improve the speed of psychomotor reactions.

Neurontin drug interactions

Simultaneous administration of Neurontin with: