Aknemycin Plus

Erythromycin:

• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacokinetics
• Why is Aknemycin Plus prescribed?
• Dosage and administration
• Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) side effects, adverse reactions
• Aknemycin Plus contraindications
• Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
• Special instructions
• Precautionary measures
• Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) drug interactions
• Aknemycin Plus in case of emergency / overdose
• Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) reviews

Pharmacological action

Aknemycin Plus is a macrolide antibiotic. Has bacteriostatic action. However at higher doses against susceptible organisms has a bactericidal effect. Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) is reversibly bound to the ribosome of bacteria, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) is active against gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp. (strains producing and not producing penicillinase), Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae); gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Brucella spp., Legionella spp., Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae; anaerobic bacteria: Clostridium spp. Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) is also active against Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp., Spirochaetaceae, Rickettsia spp. To Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) resistant gram-negative bacilli, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp.

Pharmacokinetics

Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) bioavailability is 30-65%. Distributed in most tissues and body fluids. Plasma protein binding is 70-90%. Metabolised in the liver, partly with the formation of inactive metabolites. T1/2 is 1.4-2 hours. It is derived from bile and urine.

Why is Aknemycin Plus prescribed?

Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin), including diphtheria, pertussis, trachoma, brucellosis, a disease Legionnaires, sore throat, scarlet fever, otitis media, sinusitis, cholecystitis, pneumonia, gonorrhea, syphilis. Also Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) used for the treatment of infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by pathogens (eg staphylococci) are resistant to penicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin.

For external use: acne vulgaris.

For local use: the infectious-inflammatory diseases of eyes.

Dosage and administration

Aknemycin Plus prescribed individually depending on the location and severity of infection, the sensitivity of the parasite. In adults use a daily dose of 1-4 g. Children under the age of 3 months - 20-40 mg / kg / day, aged from 4 months to 18 years - 30-50 mg / kg / day. Multiplicity is 4 times / day. The treatment course - 5-14 days after the disappearance of symptoms treatment should be continued for a further 2 days. Accepts up to 1 hour before eating or 2-3 hours after eating.

Solution for external applications lubricate the affected skin.

The ointment is applied to the affected area and in diseases of the eye lay behind the lower eyelid. The dose, frequency and duration of application is determined individually.

Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) side effects, adverse reactions

Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, cholestatic jaundice, tenesmus, diarrhea, dysbacteriosis; rarely - pseudomembranous enterocolitis, abnormal liver function, increase in liver transaminases, pancreatitis.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, urticaria, eosinophilia, rarely - anaphylactic shock.

Effects due to the influence of chemotherapy: oral candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis.

From the senses: the reversible ototoxicity - hearing loss and / or tinnitus (in the application of high doses - more than 4 g / day).

Since the cardiovascular system: rarely - tachycardia, prolongation of the QT interval on ECG, flickering and / or atrial flutter (patients with long QT interval on the ECG).

Local reactions: phlebitis at the site of / in the introduction.

Aknemycin Plus contraindications

Jaundice in history, marked disturbances of liver function, hypersensitivity to macrolides.

Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Aknemycin Plus crosses the placental barrier, excreted in breast milk.

In the application of Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) in pregnancy should assess the intended benefits to the mother and the potential risk to the fetus. If necessary, use during lactation should decide on the termination of breastfeeding.

Special instructions

With careful use Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) when disorders of liver function and / or kidneys. Medications that increase the acidity of gastric juice and acidic drinks inactivate Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin). Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) can not drink milk and dairy products.

Precautionary measures

The use of Aknemycin Plus containing benzene for IV injection sometimes accompanied by the development of a fatal syndrome Gaspinga in children, as well as acute hepatitis drug in adults and children.

Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) drug interactions

With simultaneous use of Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) with theophylline, aminophylline, caffeine, there is an increase in their concentration in blood plasma and thus increases the risk of toxic effects.

Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) increases the concentrations of cyclosporine in the blood plasma and may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.

Drugs that block tubular secretion prolongs T1/2 of Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin).

Incompatible with lincomycin, clindamycin and chloramphenicol (antagonism).

Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) reduces the bactericidal action of beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems).

With simultaneous use of Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) increases the concentration of theophylline.

At the same time receiving chemotherapy, which is carried metabolism in the liver (carbamazepine, valproic acid, hexobarbital, phenytoin, alfentanil, dizopiramid, lovastatin, bromocriptine), may increase the concentration of these drugs in plasma (an inhibitor of microsomal liver enzymes).

IV injection of Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) increases the effects of ethanol (accelerating gastric emptying and decrease the duration of alcohol dehydrogenase in the gastric mucosa).

Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) reduces the clearance of triazolam and midazolam and therefore may increase the pharmacological effects of benzodiazepines.

At the same time taking with terfenadine or astemizole may develop arrhythmias (fibrillation and ventricular flutter, ventricular tachycardia, until death); with dihydroergotamine or non hydrated ergot alkaloids may vasoconstriction to spasm, dysesthesia.

With simultaneous application Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) slows elimination (increases the effect) of methylprednisolone, felodipine and anticoagulants of cumarine series.

In a joint appointment with lovastatin increased rhabdomyolysis.

Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) increases the bioavailability of digoxin.

Aknemycin Plus (Erythromycin) reduces the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives.

Aknemycin Plus in case of emergency / overdose

Symptoms: disruption of the liver until the acute liver failure, and hearing loss.

Treatment: gastric lavage, forced diuresis, hemo-and peritoneal dialysis. Produced a constant monitoring of vital functions (ECG, electrolyte composition of blood).

Tretinoin:

• Aknemycin Plus information
• Aknemycin Plus indications
• Aknemycin Plus warnings
• Aknemycin Plus intake guidelines
• Aknemycin Plus dosage
• Aknemycin Plus overdose
• Aknemycin Plus missed dose
• Aknemycin Plus side effects
• Aknemycin Plus drug reactions
• Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin) reviews

Aknemycin Plus information

Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin) is a topical form of vitamin A. This vitamin is known for its ability to help the skin gradually renew itself. This medicine is mostly used in the treatment of acne, but it is sometimes prescribed to reduce the appearance of mottled skin discoloration and fine wrinkles (to make the patient's facial skin from rough to smooth and silky).

Aknemycin Plus indications

Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin) is a popular topical form of vitamin A that has proven itself to be highly effective in the treatment of acne. However, this medicine might also be used to treat or to prevent the appearance of some other medical disorders that have not been listed here.

Aknemycin Plus warnings

Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin) is a category C FDA pregnancy drug. Therefore, using this medicine during pregnancy could harm a growing fetus. Before you start a treatment with this medicine, you must inform your personal physician if you are pregnant or if you are planning to be so soon. It has been determined that this medicine's main ingredients are able to pass into breastmilk. Ask your personal physician if it is safe to start using Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin) if you are currently nursing an infant.

During your treatment with Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin) you should avoid prolonged and unprotected exposure to artificial UV rays (tanning beds or sunlamps) or to direct sunlight. A treatment with this medicine is known to increase the patient's skin's sensitivity to direct sunlight, thus leading to severe sunburn. However, if you cannot avoid exposure to sunlight, sunlamps or tanning beds, you must use an effective sunscreen (at least SPF 15). It is recommended that you should wear protective clothing. Avoid letting this medication get in direct contact with your eyes, nose, mouth or with your lips. However, if a small amount of this medicine somehow gets into contact with any of the areas that have been listed here, you should wash it with plenty of water.

You must avoid using Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin) on windburned, sunburned, irritated, chapped, or broken skin or on skin areas that are suffering from any forms of Eczema. If you do have any of these medical conditions you should first wait for them to heal before you consider using this medicine. Do not stop your treatment with Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin) without your physician's approval even if you start to feel better after a few days of treatment (in some cases, the symptoms improve even if the infection has not completely healed). Some patients have to use this medicine for several months before they can finally see the results of their treatment. If you have been prescribed this drug to treat acne, your skin condition might worsen for a short period of time at the beginning of the treatment. If this persists for more than 12 weeks or if your medical condition has not improved after 3 months of treatment you must alert your personal physician.

Aknemycin Plus intake guidelines

You ought to use this drug exactly how your personal doctor has prescribed you to. You can consult the medicine's label if you want to get further information. If you fail to understand some of the physician's instructions, you should contact a pharmacist, a nurse or a doctor and ask them to explain them to you. Using a higher dose of this medicine or applying the drug more often than your personal physician has prescribed you to, will not make the results appear faster (it might increase this Acta's unpleasant side effects). You must wash both your hands after and before you apply Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin). Before you apply the medicine you should make sure that the skin area that you are about to treat is both clean and dry. Applying this medicine on a wet skin area can sometimes cause skin irritation.

You must not wash the skin area that you have treated with Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin) for at least 60 minutes after applying the medicine. Avoid using any other type of skin products on the skin area that you have treated with this drug for at least 1 hour after using this drug topical. This medicine should be stored in a cool and dry place, away from heat, moisture and direct sunlight. Keep it in a place that is far from the reach of pets and children in order to avoid unwanted accidents such as poisoning. This medicine is highly flammable. Keep the drug container away from any open flame.

Aknemycin Plus dosage

Ask your personal physician to calculate the dose of this medicine that works best for your condition. Do not make any alterations to the dose of Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin) that you have been prescribed without your physician's approval.

Aknemycin Plus overdose

If you suspect that you are suffering from an overdose with this medicine, you are probably in need of emergency medical care. Contact your local poison control center and your personal physician as soon as you can. An overdose with this medicine should not trigger any unpleasant symptoms.

Aknemycin Plus missed dose

In order to get the most benefits from your treatment with Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin) you should take it on a regular basis. If you miss one of your prescribed doses of this medicine you should take it as soon as you remember. If it is already time for another prescribed dose, skip the one that you have missed and proceed with your regular treatment. Avoid using extra doses of this medicine without first consulting it with your personal physician.

Aknemycin Plus side effects

Alert your doctor if you experience anything bothersome during your treatment with Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin).

Aknemycin Plus drug reactions

Ask your personal physician if it is safe to take any other medicines while using Aknemycin Plus (Tretinoin).