Doline

Doline uses

• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacokinetics
• Why is Doline prescribed?
• Dosage and administration
• Doline side effects, adverse reactions
• Doline contraindications
• Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
• Special instructions
• Doline drug interactions
• Doline in case of emergency / overdose
• Doline reviews

Pharmacological action

Doline is an semisynthetic tetracycline group's antibiotic of broad-spectrum. This medication has bacteriostatic action due to suppression of protein synthesis of pathogens. It active against aerobic gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Bacillus anthracis, Listeria monocytogenes; anaerobic bacteria: Clostridium spp.

Doline is also active against aerobic gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Bordetella pertussis, as well as against Rickettsia spp., Treponema spp., Mycoplasma spp. and Chlamydia spp.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Serratia spp., most strains of Bacteroides fragilis are resistant to Doline.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration Doline is quickly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Ingestion has very little effect on the absorption of Doline. This medication is widely distributed in tissues and body fluids. Plasma protein binding is 80-95%. T_1/2 is 12-22 h. Doline excreted in the urine as unchanged (40%) but the main part of the dose excreted unchanged in the feces through bile secretion.

Why is Doline prescribed?

Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to Doline including infections of the respiratory and ENT organs; gastrointestinal tract infections; purulent infections of skin and soft tissues ; infection of the genitourinary system (including gonorrhea, primary and secondary syphilis); typhus, brucellosis, rickettsiosis, osteomyelitis, trachoma, chlamydia.

Dosage and administration

Doline is indicated for adults orally or IV (infusions) in 200 mg / day dosess on the first day of treatment, in the coming days at 100-200 mg / day. Multiplicity of admission (or IV infusion) is 1-2 times / day. For children older than 8 years of age and weighing over 50 kg the daily Doline dose for oral administration or IV (infusion) in the first day of treatment is 4 mg / kg. In next days ir is 2-4 mg / kg depending on the severity of the clinical course of disease. Multiplicity of admission (or intravenous infusion) is 1-2 times / day. The recommended minimum time for IV infusion 100 mg of Doline (a concentration of infusion solution is 0.5 mg / ml) is 1 hour.

Maximum doses: for adults for oral administration is 300 mg / day or 600 mg / day (depending on the etiology of the agent); for iv injection it is 300 mg / day.

Doline side effects, adverse reactions

Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, dysphagia, glossitis, esophagitis, transient increase in the blood of hepatic transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin.

Hematopoietic system: neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, eosinophilia, rarely - angioedema, photosensitivity.

Other: increased residual nitrogen, candidiasis, intestinal dysbiosis, discoloration of teeth in children.

Doline contraindications

Pregnancy, children age up to 8 years, hypersensitivity to tetracyclines, porphyria, severe liver insufficiency, leukopenia, lactation period, myasthenia (for IV administration).

Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Doline is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation. Doline crosses the placental barrier. This medication may cause long-term discoloration of the teeth, enamel hypoplasia, inhibition of growth of bones of the fetus and also the development of fatty liver.

If necessary using during lactation patients should stop breastfeeding.

Special instructions

With careful use of Doline with impaired liver function. If a patient has renal impairment the dose adjustment is not required.

To prevent local irritating action Doline should be taken during the day with plenty of fluids, food or milk. Due to possible development of photosensitivity it is necessary the restriction of insolation during treatment and for 4-5 days thereafter.

Doline is not used in children younger than 8 years because tetracyclines (including Doline) are causing long-term discoloration of the teeth, enamel hypoplasia and retardation of longitudinal growth of bones in these patients.

Doline solution for IV administration should be used no later than 72 hours after its preparation.

Doline drug interactions

Medications containing metal ions (antacids, products containing iron, magnesium, calcium) form inactive chelates with Doline, in connection with what it is necessary to avoid their simultaneous use.

It needed to avoid combination with penicillins, cephalosporins, bactericidal action and is an antagonist of bacteriostatic antibiotics (including Doline).

Absorption of Doline is reduced by cholestyramine and colestipol (observe the interval between the reception of at least 3 h).

Due to suppression of intestinal microflora Doline reduces prothrombin index which requires dose adjustment of indirect anticoagulants.

Doline reduces the reliability of contraception and increases the frequency of breakthrough bleeding while taking estrogen-containing oral contraceptives.

Simultaneous administration of Doline with: